Vodík
1
H
Skupina
1
Perióda
1
Orbitál
s
Protóny
Elektróny
Neutróny
1
1
0
Hlavné vlastnosti
Protónové číslo
1
Atómová hmotnosť
1,00794
Hmotnostné číslo
1
Kategória
Iné nekovy
Farba
Bezfarebný
Rádioaktívny
Nie
Z Gréckeho slova hydro (voda) a genes (formujúci)
Kryštálová sústava
Jednoduchý šesťuholníkový
História
Henry Cavendish was the first to distinguish hydrogen from other gases in 1766 when he prepared it by reacting hydrochloric acid with zinc.
In 1670, English scientist Robert Boyle had observed its production by reacting strong acids with metals.
French scientist Antoine Lavoisier later named the element hydrogen in 1783.
In 1670, English scientist Robert Boyle had observed its production by reacting strong acids with metals.
French scientist Antoine Lavoisier later named the element hydrogen in 1783.
Elektróny v obale
1
Elektrónová konfigurácia
1s1
Hydrogen is the primary component of Jupiter and the other gas giant planets
Fyzikálne vlastnosti
Skupenstvo
Plyny
Hustota
0,00008988 g/cm3
Teplota topenia
14,01 K | -259,14 °C | -434,45 °F
Teplota varu
20,28 K | -252,87 °C | -423,17 °F
Skupenské teplo topenia
0,558 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
0,452 kJ/mol
Tepelná kapacita
14,304 J/g·K
Množstvo v zemskej kôre
0,15%
Množstvo vo vesmíre
75%
Registračné číslo CAS
1333-74-0
PubChem CID číslo
783
Atómové vlastnosti
Atómový polomer
53 pm
Kovalentný polomer
31 pm
Elektronegativita
2,2 (Paulingova stupnica)
Ionizačný potenciál
13,5984 eV
Atómový objem
14,4 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivosť
0,001815 W/cm·K
Oxidačné stavy
-1, 1
Aplikácie
Liquid hydrogen is used as a rocket fuel.
Hydrogen is commonly used in power stations as a coolant in generators.
Hydrogen's two heavier isotopes (deuterium and tritium) are used in nuclear fusion.
Used as a shielding gas in welding methods such as atomic hydrogen welding.
Hydrogen is commonly used in power stations as a coolant in generators.
Hydrogen's two heavier isotopes (deuterium and tritium) are used in nuclear fusion.
Used as a shielding gas in welding methods such as atomic hydrogen welding.
Hydrogen poses a number of hazards to safety, from fires when mixed with air to being an asphyxiant in its pure form
Izotopy
Stabilné izotopy
1H, 2HNestabilné izotopy
3H, 4H, 5H, 6H, 7H