Paládium
46
Pd
Skupina
10
Perióda
5
Orbitál
d
Protóny
Elektróny
Neutróny
46
46
60
Hlavné vlastnosti
Protónové číslo
46
Atómová hmotnosť
106,42
Hmotnostné číslo
106
Kategória
Prechodné prvky
Farba
Strieborná
Rádioaktívny
Nie
Palladium was named after the asteroid Pallas; Pallas was the Greek goddess of wisdom
Kryštálová sústava
Tvárovo-centrovaný kockový
História
Palladium was discovered in 1803, in London, by English chemist William Hyde Wollaston.
He examined the residues left from platinum after dissolving it in aqua regia, a concentrated solution of hydrochloric and nitric acids.
He then isolated palladium in a series of chemical reactions.
He examined the residues left from platinum after dissolving it in aqua regia, a concentrated solution of hydrochloric and nitric acids.
He then isolated palladium in a series of chemical reactions.
Elektróny v obale
2, 8, 18, 18
Elektrónová konfigurácia
[Kr] 4d10
In the late 1800s, palladium was more expensive than platinum
Fyzikálne vlastnosti
Skupenstvo
Tuhé látky
Hustota
12,02 g/cm3
Teplota topenia
1828,05 K | 1554,9 °C | 2830,82 °F
Teplota varu
3236,15 K | 2963 °C | 5365,4 °F
Skupenské teplo topenia
16,7 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
380 kJ/mol
Tepelná kapacita
0,244 J/g·K
Množstvo v zemskej kôre
6,3×10-7%
Množstvo vo vesmíre
2×10-7%
Registračné číslo CAS
7440-05-3
PubChem CID číslo
23938
Atómové vlastnosti
Atómový polomer
137 pm
Kovalentný polomer
139 pm
Elektronegativita
2,2 (Paulingova stupnica)
Ionizačný potenciál
8,3369 eV
Atómový objem
8,9 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivosť
0,718 W/cm·K
Oxidačné stavy
2, 4
Aplikácie
The largest use of palladium is in catalytic converters in the automobile industry.
Finely divided palladium is a good catalyst and is used for hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions.
The metal is used in dentistry, watch making, and in making surgical instruments and electrical contacts.
Finely divided palladium is a good catalyst and is used for hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions.
The metal is used in dentistry, watch making, and in making surgical instruments and electrical contacts.
Palladium is considered to be of low toxicity
Izotopy
Stabilné izotopy
102Pd, 104Pd, 105Pd, 106Pd, 108Pd, 110PdNestabilné izotopy
91Pd, 92Pd, 93Pd, 94Pd, 95Pd, 96Pd, 97Pd, 98Pd, 99Pd, 100Pd, 101Pd, 103Pd, 107Pd, 109Pd, 111Pd, 112Pd, 113Pd, 114Pd, 115Pd, 116Pd, 117Pd, 118Pd, 119Pd, 120Pd, 121Pd, 122Pd, 123Pd, 124Pd