Kadmium
48
Cd
Skupina
12
Perióda
5
Orbitál
d
Protóny
Elektróny
Neutróny
48
48
64
Hlavné vlastnosti
Protónové číslo
48
Atómová hmotnosť
112,411
Hmotnostné číslo
112
Kategória
Prechodné prvky
Farba
Strieborná
Rádioaktívny
Nie
From the Latin word cadmia, Greek kadmeia - the ancient name for calamine, zinc carbonate
Kryštálová sústava
Jednoduchý šesťuholníkový
História
Cadmium was discovered by German chemist Friedrich Stromeyer in 1817 as an impurity in zinc carbonate.
Stromeyer noted that some impure samples of calamine (zinc carbonate) changed color when heated but pure calamine did not.
Cadmium was independently discovered by German chemist Karl Hermann in 1818.
Stromeyer noted that some impure samples of calamine (zinc carbonate) changed color when heated but pure calamine did not.
Cadmium was independently discovered by German chemist Karl Hermann in 1818.
Elektróny v obale
2, 8, 18, 18, 2
Elektrónová konfigurácia
[Kr] 4d10 5s2
Cadmium is a soft metal which is easily cut with a knife
Fyzikálne vlastnosti
Skupenstvo
Tuhé látky
Hustota
8,69 g/cm3
Teplota topenia
594,22 K | 321,07 °C | 609,93 °F
Teplota varu
1040,15 K | 767 °C | 1412,6 °F
Skupenské teplo topenia
6,3 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
100 kJ/mol
Tepelná kapacita
0,232 J/g·K
Množstvo v zemskej kôre
0,000015%
Množstvo vo vesmíre
2×10-7%
Registračné číslo CAS
7440-43-9
PubChem CID číslo
23973
Atómové vlastnosti
Atómový polomer
151 pm
Kovalentný polomer
144 pm
Elektronegativita
1,69 (Paulingova stupnica)
Ionizačný potenciál
8,9938 eV
Atómový objem
13,1 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivosť
0,968 W/cm·K
Oxidačné stavy
1, 2
Aplikácie
Cadmium is a key component in battery production.
It is also is used in electroplating.
Cadmium oxide is used in black and white television phosphors and in the blue and green phosphors for color television picture tubes.
Cadmium is used as a barrier to control neutrons in nuclear fission.
It is also is used in electroplating.
Cadmium oxide is used in black and white television phosphors and in the blue and green phosphors for color television picture tubes.
Cadmium is used as a barrier to control neutrons in nuclear fission.
Cadmium and its compounds are highly toxic
Izotopy
Stabilné izotopy
106Cd, 108Cd, 110Cd, 111Cd, 112Cd, 114CdNestabilné izotopy
95Cd, 96Cd, 97Cd, 98Cd, 99Cd, 100Cd, 101Cd, 102Cd, 103Cd, 104Cd, 105Cd, 107Cd, 109Cd, 113Cd, 115Cd, 116Cd, 117Cd, 118Cd, 119Cd, 120Cd, 121Cd, 122Cd, 123Cd, 124Cd, 125Cd, 126Cd, 127Cd, 128Cd, 129Cd, 130Cd, 131Cd, 132Cd