Indium
49
In
Skupina
13
Perióda
5
Orbitál
p
Protóny
Elektróny
Neutróny
49
49
66
Hlavné vlastnosti
Protónové číslo
49
Atómová hmotnosť
114,818
Hmotnostné číslo
115
Kategória
Po-prechodné kovy
Farba
Strieborná
Rádioaktívny
Nie
From the brilliant indigo line in its spectrum
Kryštálová sústava
Centrovaný tetragonálny
História
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter first identified indium in sphalerite by its bright indigo-blue spectroscopic emission line.
As no element was known with a bright blue emission they concluded that a new element was present in the minerals.
Richter went on to isolate the metal in 1864.
As no element was known with a bright blue emission they concluded that a new element was present in the minerals.
Richter went on to isolate the metal in 1864.
Elektróny v obale
2, 8, 18, 18, 3
Elektrónová konfigurácia
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1
When it is bent, indium emits a high-pitched 'cry'
Fyzikálne vlastnosti
Skupenstvo
Tuhé látky
Hustota
7,31 g/cm3
Teplota topenia
429,75 K | 156,6 °C | 313,88 °F
Teplota varu
2345,15 K | 2072 °C | 3761,6 °F
Skupenské teplo topenia
3,26 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
230 kJ/mol
Tepelná kapacita
0,233 J/g·K
Množstvo v zemskej kôre
0,000016%
Množstvo vo vesmíre
3×10-8%
Registračné číslo CAS
7440-74-6
PubChem CID číslo
5359967
Atómové vlastnosti
Atómový polomer
167 pm
Kovalentný polomer
142 pm
Elektronegativita
1,78 (Paulingova stupnica)
Ionizačný potenciál
5,7864 eV
Atómový objem
15,7 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivosť
0,816 W/cm·K
Oxidačné stavy
1, 2, 3
Aplikácie
Indium's current primary application is to form transparent electrodes from indium tin oxide in liquid crystal displays and touchscreens.
It is widely used in thin-films to form lubricated layers.
It is also used for making particularly low melting point alloys, and is a component in some lead-free solders.
It is widely used in thin-films to form lubricated layers.
It is also used for making particularly low melting point alloys, and is a component in some lead-free solders.
Indium is considered to be of low toxicity
Izotopy
Stabilné izotopy
113InNestabilné izotopy
97In, 98In, 99In, 100In, 101In, 102In, 103In, 104In, 105In, 106In, 107In, 108In, 109In, 110In, 111In, 112In, 114In, 115In, 116In, 117In, 118In, 119In, 120In, 121In, 122In, 123In, 124In, 125In, 126In, 127In, 128In, 129In, 130In, 131In, 132In, 133In, 134In, 135In