Kalifornium
98
Cf
Skupina
n/a
Perióda
7
Orbitál
f
Protóny
Elektróny
Neutróny
98
98
153
Hlavné vlastnosti
Protónové číslo
98
Atómová hmotnosť
[251]
Hmotnostné číslo
251
Kategória
Aktinoidy
Farba
n/a
Rádioaktívny
Áno
Named after California and the University of California
Kryštálová sústava
Jednoduchý šesťuholníkový
História
Californium was discovered by Stanley G. Thompson, Kenneth Street, Jr., Albert Ghiorso and Glenn T. Seaborg in 1950 at the University of California, Berkeley.
It was produced by the bombardment of curium with alpha particles.
Californium was isolated in macro quantities for the first time by Burris Cunningham and Stanley Thompson in 1958.
It was produced by the bombardment of curium with alpha particles.
Californium was isolated in macro quantities for the first time by Burris Cunningham and Stanley Thompson in 1958.
Elektróny v obale
2, 8, 18, 32, 28, 8, 2
Elektrónová konfigurácia
[Rn] 5f10 7s2
Californium is produced in nuclear reactors and particle accelerators
Fyzikálne vlastnosti
Skupenstvo
Tuhé látky
Hustota
15,1 g/cm3
Teplota topenia
1173,15 K | 900 °C | 1652 °F
Teplota varu
-
Skupenské teplo topenia
n/a
Skupenské teplo varu
n/a
Tepelná kapacita
-
Množstvo v zemskej kôre
n/a
Množstvo vo vesmíre
n/a
Registračné číslo CAS
7440-71-3
PubChem CID číslo
n/a
Atómové vlastnosti
Atómový polomer
-
Kovalentný polomer
-
Elektronegativita
1,3 (Paulingova stupnica)
Ionizačný potenciál
6,2817 eV
Atómový objem
18,4 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivosť
0,1 W/cm·K
Oxidačné stavy
2, 3, 4
Aplikácie
Californium is used as a portable neutron source for discovery of metals such as gold or silver by on-the-spot activation analysis.
Neutrons from californium are employed as a treatment of certain cervical and brain cancers where other radiation therapy is ineffective.
Neutron moisture gauges use californium-252 to find water and petroleum layers in oil wells.
Neutrons from californium are employed as a treatment of certain cervical and brain cancers where other radiation therapy is ineffective.
Neutron moisture gauges use californium-252 to find water and petroleum layers in oil wells.
Californium is harmful due to its radioactivity
Izotopy
Stabilné izotopy
-Nestabilné izotopy
237Cf, 238Cf, 239Cf, 240Cf, 241Cf, 242Cf, 243Cf, 244Cf, 245Cf, 246Cf, 247Cf, 248Cf, 249Cf, 250Cf, 251Cf, 252Cf, 253Cf, 254Cf, 255Cf, 256Cf