Železo
26
Fe
Skupina
8
Perióda
4
Orbitál
d
Protóny
Elektróny
Neutróny
26
26
30
Hlavné vlastnosti
Protónové číslo
26
Atómová hmotnosť
55,845
Hmotnostné číslo
56
Kategória
Prechodné prvky
Farba
Sivá
Rádioaktívny
Nie
Z Latinského slova ferrum
Kryštálová sústava
Centrovaný kockový
História
The first iron used by humans is likely to have come from meteorites.
The oldest known iron objects used by humans are some beads of meteoric iron, made in Egypt in about 4000 BC.
The discovery of smelting around 3000 BC led to the start of the iron age around 1200 BC and the prominent use of iron for tools and weapons.
The oldest known iron objects used by humans are some beads of meteoric iron, made in Egypt in about 4000 BC.
The discovery of smelting around 3000 BC led to the start of the iron age around 1200 BC and the prominent use of iron for tools and weapons.
Elektróny v obale
2, 8, 14, 2
Elektrónová konfigurácia
[Ar] 3d6 4s2
The color of blood is due to the hemoglobin, an iron-containing protein
Fyzikálne vlastnosti
Skupenstvo
Tuhé látky
Hustota
7,874 g/cm3
Teplota topenia
1811,15 K | 1538 °C | 2800,4 °F
Teplota varu
3134,15 K | 2861 °C | 5181,8 °F
Skupenské teplo topenia
13,8 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
347 kJ/mol
Tepelná kapacita
0,449 J/g·K
Množstvo v zemskej kôre
6,3%
Množstvo vo vesmíre
0,11%
Zdroje obrázkov: Wikimedia Commons (Alchemist-hp)
Pure iron chips, electrolytically refined, as well as a high purity iron cube for comparison
Registračné číslo CAS
7439-89-6
PubChem CID číslo
23925
Atómové vlastnosti
Atómový polomer
126 pm
Kovalentný polomer
132 pm
Elektronegativita
1,83 (Paulingova stupnica)
Ionizačný potenciál
7,9024 eV
Atómový objem
7,1 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivosť
0,802 W/cm·K
Oxidačné stavy
-2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Aplikácie
Iron is used to manufacture steel and other alloys important in construction and manufacturing.
Iron is a vital constituent of plant and animal life and works as an oxygen carrier in hemoglobin.
Iron oxide mixed with aluminum powder can be ignited to create a thermite reaction, used in welding and purifying ores.
Iron is a vital constituent of plant and animal life and works as an oxygen carrier in hemoglobin.
Iron oxide mixed with aluminum powder can be ignited to create a thermite reaction, used in welding and purifying ores.
Iron is considered to be non-toxic
Izotopy
Stabilné izotopy
54Fe, 56Fe, 57Fe, 58FeNestabilné izotopy
45Fe, 46Fe, 47Fe, 48Fe, 49Fe, 50Fe, 51Fe, 52Fe, 53Fe, 55Fe, 59Fe, 60Fe, 61Fe, 62Fe, 63Fe, 64Fe, 65Fe, 66Fe, 67Fe, 68Fe, 69Fe, 70Fe, 71Fe, 72Fe