Nikel
28
Ni
Skupina
10
Perióda
4
Orbitál
d
Protóny
Elektróny
Neutróny
28
28
31
Hlavné vlastnosti
Protónové číslo
28
Atómová hmotnosť
58,6934
Hmotnostné číslo
59
Kategória
Prechodné prvky
Farba
Sivá
Rádioaktívny
Nie
From the German word Nickel (Satan), and from kupfernickel, Old Nick's copper
Kryštálová sústava
Tvárovo-centrovaný kockový
História
Artifacts made from metallic meteorites have been found dating from as early as 5000 BC.
In 1751, Baron Axel Fredrik Cronstedt was trying to extract copper from kupfernickel and instead produced the white metal.
In the early twentieth century, Ludwig Mond patented a process using nickel carbonyl to purify nickel.
In 1751, Baron Axel Fredrik Cronstedt was trying to extract copper from kupfernickel and instead produced the white metal.
In the early twentieth century, Ludwig Mond patented a process using nickel carbonyl to purify nickel.
Elektróny v obale
2, 8, 16, 2
Elektrónová konfigurácia
[Ar] 3d8 4s2
Nickel is 100 times more concentrated below Earth's crust than in it
Fyzikálne vlastnosti
Skupenstvo
Tuhé látky
Hustota
8,912 g/cm3
Teplota topenia
1728,15 K | 1455 °C | 2651 °F
Teplota varu
3186,15 K | 2913 °C | 5275,4 °F
Skupenské teplo topenia
17,2 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
378 kJ/mol
Tepelná kapacita
0,444 J/g·K
Množstvo v zemskej kôre
0,0089%
Množstvo vo vesmíre
0,006%
Registračné číslo CAS
7440-02-0
PubChem CID číslo
935
Atómové vlastnosti
Atómový polomer
124 pm
Kovalentný polomer
124 pm
Elektronegativita
1,91 (Paulingova stupnica)
Ionizačný potenciál
7,6398 eV
Atómový objem
6,59 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivosť
0,907 W/cm·K
Oxidačné stavy
-1, 1, 2, 3, 4
Aplikácie
Nickel is used extensively to make coins and nickel steel for armor plates and burglar-proof vaults.
Tubing made of copper-nickel alloy is extensively used in making desalination plants for converting sea water into fresh water.
Nickel is also used in batteries, ceramics and magnets.
Tubing made of copper-nickel alloy is extensively used in making desalination plants for converting sea water into fresh water.
Nickel is also used in batteries, ceramics and magnets.
Nickel and its compounds are considered to be carcinogenic
Izotopy
Stabilné izotopy
58Ni, 60Ni, 61Ni, 62Ni, 64NiNestabilné izotopy
48Ni, 49Ni, 50Ni, 51Ni, 52Ni, 53Ni, 54Ni, 55Ni, 56Ni, 57Ni, 59Ni, 63Ni, 65Ni, 66Ni, 67Ni, 68Ni, 69Ni, 70Ni, 71Ni, 72Ni, 73Ni, 74Ni, 75Ni, 76Ni, 77Ni, 78Ni