Rubídium
37
Rb
Skupina
1
Perióda
5
Orbitál
s
Protóny
Elektróny
Neutróny
37
37
48
Hlavné vlastnosti
Protónové číslo
37
Atómová hmotnosť
85,4678
Hmotnostné číslo
85
Kategória
Alkalické kovy
Farba
Strieborná
Rádioaktívny
Nie
From the Latin word rubidus, deepest red
Kryštálová sústava
Centrovaný kockový
História
German chemists Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff discovered rubidium in 1861 by the newly developed method of flame spectroscopy.
The separation of the metal was tried by Bunsen, but he never got samples with more than 18% of Rubidium.
The separation of the metal was only accomplished by George de Hevesy, through the hydrolysis of melted rubidium hydroxide.
The separation of the metal was tried by Bunsen, but he never got samples with more than 18% of Rubidium.
The separation of the metal was only accomplished by George de Hevesy, through the hydrolysis of melted rubidium hydroxide.
Elektróny v obale
2, 8, 18, 8, 1
Elektrónová konfigurácia
[Kr] 5s1
Rubidium burns with a reddish-violet flame color
Fyzikálne vlastnosti
Skupenstvo
Tuhé látky
Hustota
1,532 g/cm3
Teplota topenia
312,46 K | 39,31 °C | 102,76 °F
Teplota varu
961,15 K | 688 °C | 1270,4 °F
Skupenské teplo topenia
2,19 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
72 kJ/mol
Tepelná kapacita
0,363 J/g·K
Množstvo v zemskej kôre
0,006%
Množstvo vo vesmíre
1×10-6%
Registračné číslo CAS
7440-17-7
PubChem CID číslo
5357696
Atómové vlastnosti
Atómový polomer
248 pm
Kovalentný polomer
220 pm
Elektronegativita
0,82 (Paulingova stupnica)
Ionizačný potenciál
4,1771 eV
Atómový objem
55,9 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivosť
0,582 W/cm·K
Oxidačné stavy
-1, 1
Aplikácie
Rubidium is used as a getter in vacuum tubes and as a photocell component.
Rubidium compounds are sometimes used in fireworks to give them a purple color.
Rubidium salts are used in glasses and ceramics.
Rubidium-87 is slightly radioactive and has been used extensively in dating rocks.
Rubidium compounds are sometimes used in fireworks to give them a purple color.
Rubidium salts are used in glasses and ceramics.
Rubidium-87 is slightly radioactive and has been used extensively in dating rocks.
Rubidium is not known to be toxic
Izotopy
Stabilné izotopy
85RbNestabilné izotopy
71Rb, 72Rb, 73Rb, 74Rb, 75Rb, 76Rb, 77Rb, 78Rb, 79Rb, 80Rb, 81Rb, 82Rb, 83Rb, 84Rb, 86Rb, 87Rb, 88Rb, 89Rb, 90Rb, 91Rb, 92Rb, 93Rb, 94Rb, 95Rb, 96Rb, 97Rb, 98Rb, 99Rb, 100Rb, 101Rb, 102Rb