Niób
41
Nb
Skupina
5
Perióda
5
Orbitál
d
Protóny
Elektróny
Neutróny
41
41
52
Hlavné vlastnosti
Protónové číslo
41
Atómová hmotnosť
92,90638
Hmotnostné číslo
93
Kategória
Prechodné prvky
Farba
Sivá
Rádioaktívny
Nie
Named after Niobe, the daughter of Tantalu
Kryštálová sústava
Centrovaný kockový
História
Niobium was discovered by the English chemist Charles Hatchett in 1801 and named the new element columbium.
In 1846, German chemist Henrich Rose independently discovered the element and named it niobium.
The metal was first isolated by Swedish scientist Christian Wilhelm Blomstrand in 1864 who reduced the chloride by heating it in a hydrogen atmosphere.
In 1846, German chemist Henrich Rose independently discovered the element and named it niobium.
The metal was first isolated by Swedish scientist Christian Wilhelm Blomstrand in 1864 who reduced the chloride by heating it in a hydrogen atmosphere.
Elektróny v obale
2, 8, 18, 12, 1
Elektrónová konfigurácia
[Kr] 4d4 5s1
Brazil is the leading producer of niobium
Fyzikálne vlastnosti
Skupenstvo
Tuhé látky
Hustota
8,57 g/cm3
Teplota topenia
2750,15 K | 2477 °C | 4490,6 °F
Teplota varu
5017,15 K | 4744 °C | 8571,2 °F
Skupenské teplo topenia
26,8 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
690 kJ/mol
Tepelná kapacita
0,265 J/g·K
Množstvo v zemskej kôre
0,0017%
Množstvo vo vesmíre
2×10-7%
Registračné číslo CAS
7440-03-1
PubChem CID číslo
23936
Atómové vlastnosti
Atómový polomer
146 pm
Kovalentný polomer
164 pm
Elektronegativita
1,6 (Paulingova stupnica)
Ionizačný potenciál
6,7589 eV
Atómový objem
10,87 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivosť
0,537 W/cm·K
Oxidačné stavy
-1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Aplikácie
Niobium is used in arc-welding rods for stabilized grades of stainless steel.
Niobium alloys are strong and are often used in pipeline construction.
The metal is used in superalloys for jet engines and heat resistant equipment.
Niobium is found in many medical devices such as pacemakers.
Niobium alloys are strong and are often used in pipeline construction.
The metal is used in superalloys for jet engines and heat resistant equipment.
Niobium is found in many medical devices such as pacemakers.
Some niobium compounds are highly toxic
Izotopy
Stabilné izotopy
93NbNestabilné izotopy
81Nb, 82Nb, 83Nb, 84Nb, 85Nb, 86Nb, 87Nb, 88Nb, 89Nb, 90Nb, 91Nb, 92Nb, 94Nb, 95Nb, 96Nb, 97Nb, 98Nb, 99Nb, 100Nb, 101Nb, 102Nb, 103Nb, 104Nb, 105Nb, 106Nb, 107Nb, 108Nb, 109Nb, 110Nb, 111Nb, 112Nb, 113Nb