Bór
5
B
Skupina
13
Perióda
2
Orbitál
p
Protóny
Elektróny
Neutróny
5
5
6
Hlavné vlastnosti
Protónové číslo
5
Atómová hmotnosť
10,811
Hmotnostné číslo
11
Kategória
Polokovy
Farba
Čierna
Rádioaktívny
Nie
From the Arabic word Buraq, Persian Burah
Kryštálová sústava
Jednoduchý trigonálny
História
Boron compounds have been known for thousands of years, but the element was not discovered until 1808 by Sir Humphry Davy and by Gay-Lussac and Thenard.
Boron was not recognized as an element until it was isolated in 1808 by Sir Humphry Davy and by Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac and Louis Jacques Thénard.
Jöns Jakob Berzelius identified boron as an element in 1824.
Boron was not recognized as an element until it was isolated in 1808 by Sir Humphry Davy and by Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac and Louis Jacques Thénard.
Jöns Jakob Berzelius identified boron as an element in 1824.
Elektróny v obale
2, 3
Elektrónová konfigurácia
[He] 2s2 2p1
Boron is an essential nutrient for all green plants
Fyzikálne vlastnosti
Skupenstvo
Tuhé látky
Hustota
2,34 g/cm3
Teplota topenia
2349,15 K | 2076 °C | 3768,8 °F
Teplota varu
4200,15 K | 3927 °C | 7100,6 °F
Skupenské teplo topenia
50 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
507 kJ/mol
Tepelná kapacita
1,026 J/g·K
Množstvo v zemskej kôre
0,00086%
Množstvo vo vesmíre
1×10-7%
Registračné číslo CAS
7440-42-8
PubChem CID číslo
5462311
Atómové vlastnosti
Atómový polomer
90 pm
Kovalentný polomer
84 pm
Elektronegativita
2,04 (Paulingova stupnica)
Ionizačný potenciál
8,298 eV
Atómový objem
4,6 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivosť
0,274 W/cm·K
Oxidačné stavy
1, 2, 3
Aplikácie
Boron oxide is used in glassmaking and ceramics.
Borax is used in making fiberglass, as a cleansing fluid, a water softener, insecticide, herbicide and disinfectant.
Boric acid is used as a mild antiseptic and as a flame retardant.
Boron shielding is used as a control for nuclear reactors.
Borax is used in making fiberglass, as a cleansing fluid, a water softener, insecticide, herbicide and disinfectant.
Boric acid is used as a mild antiseptic and as a flame retardant.
Boron shielding is used as a control for nuclear reactors.
Elemental boron, boron oxide, boric acid, borates and many organoboron compounds are non-toxic
Izotopy
Stabilné izotopy
10B, 11BNestabilné izotopy
7B, 8B, 9B, 12B, 13B, 14B, 15B, 16B, 17B, 18B, 19B