Bárium
56
Ba
Skupina
2
Perióda
6
Orbitál
s
Protóny
Elektróny
Neutróny
56
56
81
Hlavné vlastnosti
Protónové číslo
56
Atómová hmotnosť
137,327
Hmotnostné číslo
137
Kategória
Kovy alkalických zemín
Farba
Strieborná
Rádioaktívny
Nie
From the Greek word barys, heavy
Kryštálová sústava
Centrovaný kockový
História
Barium was identified as a new element in 1774 by Carl Wilhelm Scheele.
Barium was first isolated by electrolysis of molten barium salts in 1808, by Sir Humphry Davy in England.
Robert Bunsen and Augustus Matthiessen obtained pure barium by electrolysis of a molten mixture of barium chloride and ammonium chloride.
Barium was first isolated by electrolysis of molten barium salts in 1808, by Sir Humphry Davy in England.
Robert Bunsen and Augustus Matthiessen obtained pure barium by electrolysis of a molten mixture of barium chloride and ammonium chloride.
Elektróny v obale
2, 8, 18, 18, 8, 2
Elektrónová konfigurácia
[Xe] 6s2
At low doses, barium acts as a muscle stimulant
Fyzikálne vlastnosti
Skupenstvo
Tuhé látky
Hustota
3,594 g/cm3
Teplota topenia
1000,15 K | 727 °C | 1340,6 °F
Teplota varu
2170,15 K | 1897 °C | 3446,6 °F
Skupenské teplo topenia
8 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
140 kJ/mol
Tepelná kapacita
0,204 J/g·K
Množstvo v zemskej kôre
0,034%
Množstvo vo vesmíre
1×10-6%
Registračné číslo CAS
7440-39-3
PubChem CID číslo
5355457
Atómové vlastnosti
Atómový polomer
222 pm
Kovalentný polomer
215 pm
Elektronegativita
0,89 (Paulingova stupnica)
Ionizačný potenciál
5,2117 eV
Atómový objem
39,24 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivosť
0,184 W/cm·K
Oxidačné stavy
2
Aplikácie
Barium is used as a flashed getter in vacuum tubes to remove the last traces of gases.
It is often used in barium-nickel alloys for spark plug wire.
Barium sulfate is important to the petroleum industry as a drilling fluid in oil and gas wells.
Barium is also used in medicine to detect abnormalities in the digestive system.
It is often used in barium-nickel alloys for spark plug wire.
Barium sulfate is important to the petroleum industry as a drilling fluid in oil and gas wells.
Barium is also used in medicine to detect abnormalities in the digestive system.
Water-soluble barium compounds are poisonous
Izotopy
Stabilné izotopy
130Ba, 132Ba, 134Ba, 135Ba, 136Ba, 137Ba, 138BaNestabilné izotopy
114Ba, 115Ba, 116Ba, 117Ba, 118Ba, 119Ba, 120Ba, 121Ba, 122Ba, 123Ba, 124Ba, 125Ba, 126Ba, 127Ba, 128Ba, 129Ba, 131Ba, 133Ba, 139Ba, 140Ba, 141Ba, 142Ba, 143Ba, 144Ba, 145Ba, 146Ba, 147Ba, 148Ba, 149Ba, 150Ba, 151Ba, 152Ba, 153Ba