Lantán
57
La
Skupina
n/a
Perióda
6
Orbitál
f
Protóny
Elektróny
Neutróny
57
57
82
Hlavné vlastnosti
Protónové číslo
57
Atómová hmotnosť
138,90547
Hmotnostné číslo
139
Kategória
Lantanoidy
Farba
Strieborná
Rádioaktívny
Nie
From the Greek word lanthanein, to lie hidden
Kryštálová sústava
Jednoduchý šesťuholníkový
História
Lanthanum was discovered in 1839 by Swedish chemist Carl Gustav Mosander.
He partially decomposed a sample of cerium nitrate by heating and treating the resulting salt with dilute nitric acid.
From the resulting solution, he obtained a pale brick colored oxide of the new rare earth.
Lanthanum was isolated in relatively pure form in 1923.
He partially decomposed a sample of cerium nitrate by heating and treating the resulting salt with dilute nitric acid.
From the resulting solution, he obtained a pale brick colored oxide of the new rare earth.
Lanthanum was isolated in relatively pure form in 1923.
Elektróny v obale
2, 8, 18, 18, 9, 2
Elektrónová konfigurácia
[Xe] 5d1 6s2
Lanthanum is the most reactive of the rare earth metals
Fyzikálne vlastnosti
Skupenstvo
Tuhé látky
Hustota
6,145 g/cm3
Teplota topenia
1193,15 K | 920 °C | 1688 °F
Teplota varu
3737,15 K | 3464 °C | 6267,2 °F
Skupenské teplo topenia
6,2 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
400 kJ/mol
Tepelná kapacita
0,195 J/g·K
Množstvo v zemskej kôre
0,0034%
Množstvo vo vesmíre
2×10-7%
Registračné číslo CAS
7439-91-0
PubChem CID číslo
23926
Atómové vlastnosti
Atómový polomer
187 pm
Kovalentný polomer
207 pm
Elektronegativita
1,1 (Paulingova stupnica)
Ionizačný potenciál
5,5769 eV
Atómový objem
22,5 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivosť
0,135 W/cm·K
Oxidačné stavy
2, 3
Aplikácie
Lanthanum is used in large quantities in batteries for hybrid automobiles.
It is also used to make night vision goggles.
Small amounts of lanthanum, as an additive, can be used to produce nodular cast iron.
Lanthanum carbonate is used to reduce blood levels of phosphate in patients with kidney disease.
It is also used to make night vision goggles.
Small amounts of lanthanum, as an additive, can be used to produce nodular cast iron.
Lanthanum carbonate is used to reduce blood levels of phosphate in patients with kidney disease.
Lanthanum and its compounds are considered to be moderately toxic
Izotopy
Stabilné izotopy
139LaNestabilné izotopy
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