Tantal
73
Ta
Skupina
5
Perióda
6
Orbitál
d
Protóny
Elektróny
Neutróny
73
73
108
Hlavné vlastnosti
Protónové číslo
73
Atómová hmotnosť
180,94788
Hmotnostné číslo
181
Kategória
Prechodné prvky
Farba
Sivá
Rádioaktívny
Nie
Named after Tantalos, a Greek mythological character, father of Niobe
Kryštálová sústava
Centrovaný kockový
História
Tantalum was discovered in Sweden in 1802 by Anders Ekeberg in the minerals tantalite from Finland and yttrotantalite from Sweden.
Unfortunately, William Hyde Wollaston claimed Ekeberg's new element was actually niobium, which had also been discovered in 1802.
In 1846, German chemist Heinrich Rose finally proved beyond doubt that tantalum and niobium were different elements.
Unfortunately, William Hyde Wollaston claimed Ekeberg's new element was actually niobium, which had also been discovered in 1802.
In 1846, German chemist Heinrich Rose finally proved beyond doubt that tantalum and niobium were different elements.
Elektróny v obale
2, 8, 18, 32, 11, 2
Elektrónová konfigurácia
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2
Tantalum occurs principally in the mineral columbite-tantalite
Fyzikálne vlastnosti
Skupenstvo
Tuhé látky
Hustota
16,654 g/cm3
Teplota topenia
3290,15 K | 3017 °C | 5462,6 °F
Teplota varu
5731,15 K | 5458 °C | 9856,4 °F
Skupenské teplo topenia
36 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
735 kJ/mol
Tepelná kapacita
0,14 J/g·K
Množstvo v zemskej kôre
0,00017%
Množstvo vo vesmíre
8×10-9%
Registračné číslo CAS
7440-25-7
PubChem CID číslo
23956
Atómové vlastnosti
Atómový polomer
146 pm
Kovalentný polomer
170 pm
Elektronegativita
1,5 (Paulingova stupnica)
Ionizačný potenciál
7,5496 eV
Atómový objem
10,90 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivosť
0,575 W/cm·K
Oxidačné stavy
-1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Aplikácie
Tantalum is used in the electronics industry for capacitors and high power resistors.
The high melting point and oxidation resistance lead to the use of the metal in the production of vacuum furnace parts.
Tantalum oxide is used to make special glass with high index of refraction for camera lenses.
The high melting point and oxidation resistance lead to the use of the metal in the production of vacuum furnace parts.
Tantalum oxide is used to make special glass with high index of refraction for camera lenses.
Tantalum is considered to be non-toxic
Izotopy
Stabilné izotopy
181TaNestabilné izotopy
155Ta, 156Ta, 157Ta, 158Ta, 159Ta, 160Ta, 161Ta, 162Ta, 163Ta, 164Ta, 165Ta, 166Ta, 167Ta, 168Ta, 169Ta, 170Ta, 171Ta, 172Ta, 173Ta, 174Ta, 175Ta, 176Ta, 177Ta, 178Ta, 179Ta, 180Ta, 182Ta, 183Ta, 184Ta, 185Ta, 186Ta, 187Ta, 188Ta, 189Ta, 190Ta