Volfrám
74
W
Skupina
6
Perióda
6
Orbitál
d
Protóny
Elektróny
Neutróny
74
74
110
Hlavné vlastnosti
Protónové číslo
74
Atómová hmotnosť
183,84
Hmotnostné číslo
184
Kategória
Prechodné prvky
Farba
Sivá
Rádioaktívny
Nie
From Swedish, tung sten meaning heavy stone
Kryštálová sústava
Centrovaný kockový
História
Torbern Bergman obtained from scheelite an oxide of a new element in 1781.
In 1783, José and Fausto Elhuyar found an acid made from wolframite that was identical to tungstic acid.
Later that year, in Spain, the brothers succeeded in isolating tungsten by reduction of this acid with charcoal, and they are credited with the discovery of the element.
In 1783, José and Fausto Elhuyar found an acid made from wolframite that was identical to tungstic acid.
Later that year, in Spain, the brothers succeeded in isolating tungsten by reduction of this acid with charcoal, and they are credited with the discovery of the element.
Elektróny v obale
2, 8, 18, 32, 12, 2
Elektrónová konfigurácia
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2
The chemical symbol, W, comes from the original name of the element, Wolfram
Fyzikálne vlastnosti
Skupenstvo
Tuhé látky
Hustota
19,25 g/cm3
Teplota topenia
3695,15 K | 3422 °C | 6191,6 °F
Teplota varu
5828,15 K | 5555 °C | 10031 °F
Skupenské teplo topenia
35 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
800 kJ/mol
Tepelná kapacita
0,132 J/g·K
Množstvo v zemskej kôre
0,00011%
Množstvo vo vesmíre
5×10-8%
Registračné číslo CAS
7440-33-7
PubChem CID číslo
23964
Atómové vlastnosti
Atómový polomer
139 pm
Kovalentný polomer
162 pm
Elektronegativita
2,36 (Paulingova stupnica)
Ionizačný potenciál
7,864 eV
Atómový objem
9,53 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivosť
1,74 W/cm·K
Oxidačné stavy
-2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Aplikácie
Tungsten and its alloys are widely used for filaments in electric bulbs and electronic tubes.
Tungsten carbide is of great importance to the metal-working, mining, and petroleum industries.
Tungsten oxides are used in ceramic glazes and calcium/magnesium tungstates are used widely in fluorescent lighting.
Tungsten carbide is of great importance to the metal-working, mining, and petroleum industries.
Tungsten oxides are used in ceramic glazes and calcium/magnesium tungstates are used widely in fluorescent lighting.
Tungsten is considered to be of low toxicity
Izotopy
Stabilné izotopy
180W, 182W, 183W, 184W, 186WNestabilné izotopy
158W, 159W, 160W, 161W, 162W, 163W, 164W, 165W, 166W, 167W, 168W, 169W, 170W, 171W, 172W, 173W, 174W, 175W, 176W, 177W, 178W, 179W, 181W, 185W, 187W, 188W, 189W, 190W, 191W, 192W