Irídium
77
Ir
Skupina
9
Perióda
6
Orbitál
d
Protóny
Elektróny
Neutróny
77
77
115
Hlavné vlastnosti
Protónové číslo
77
Atómová hmotnosť
192,217
Hmotnostné číslo
192
Kategória
Prechodné prvky
Farba
Strieborná
Rádioaktívny
Nie
From the Latin word iris meaning rainbow
Kryštálová sústava
Tvárovo-centrovaný kockový
História
Iridium was discovered in 1803 by English chemist Smithson Tennant in London.
Chemists who studied platinum dissolved it in aqua regia to create soluble salts and observed a small amount of a dark, insoluble residue.
Smithson Tennant analyzed the insoluble residue and concluded that it must contain a new metal.
Chemists who studied platinum dissolved it in aqua regia to create soluble salts and observed a small amount of a dark, insoluble residue.
Smithson Tennant analyzed the insoluble residue and concluded that it must contain a new metal.
Elektróny v obale
2, 8, 18, 32, 15, 2
Elektrónová konfigurácia
[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2
Iridium is the most corrosion-resistant metal known
Fyzikálne vlastnosti
Skupenstvo
Tuhé látky
Hustota
22,56 g/cm3
Teplota topenia
2739,15 K | 2466 °C | 4470,8 °F
Teplota varu
4701,15 K | 4428 °C | 8002,4 °F
Skupenské teplo topenia
26 kJ/mol
Skupenské teplo varu
560 kJ/mol
Tepelná kapacita
0,131 J/g·K
Množstvo v zemskej kôre
4×10-8%
Množstvo vo vesmíre
2×10-7%
Registračné číslo CAS
7439-88-5
PubChem CID číslo
23924
Atómové vlastnosti
Atómový polomer
136 pm
Kovalentný polomer
141 pm
Elektronegativita
2,2 (Paulingova stupnica)
Ionizačný potenciál
8,967 eV
Atómový objem
8,54 cm3/mol
Tepelná vodivosť
1,47 W/cm·K
Oxidačné stavy
-3, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
Aplikácie
Iridium is used in making crucibles and other equipment that is used at high temperatures.
Iridium is also used as a hardening agent in platinum alloys.
Its resistance to arc erosion makes iridium alloys ideal for electrical contacts for spark plugs.
Radioactive isotopes of iridium are used in radiation therapy for the treatment of cancer.
Iridium is also used as a hardening agent in platinum alloys.
Its resistance to arc erosion makes iridium alloys ideal for electrical contacts for spark plugs.
Radioactive isotopes of iridium are used in radiation therapy for the treatment of cancer.
Iridium is considered to be of low toxicity
Izotopy
Stabilné izotopy
191Ir, 193IrNestabilné izotopy
164Ir, 165Ir, 166Ir, 167Ir, 168Ir, 169Ir, 170Ir, 171Ir, 172Ir, 173Ir, 174Ir, 175Ir, 176Ir, 177Ir, 178Ir, 179Ir, 180Ir, 181Ir, 182Ir, 183Ir, 184Ir, 185Ir, 186Ir, 187Ir, 188Ir, 189Ir, 190Ir, 192Ir, 194Ir, 195Ir, 196Ir, 197Ir, 198Ir, 199Ir